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class="w_wbox"> <div class="p351dh1b5txt" id="content_box-1563936484140" class="e_wbox e_wbox-001 p_wbox"></div> </div></div><div class="p351dh1b5txt" id="c_news_detail-15639365131238039" class="c_news_detail-01001"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_articles-001 p_NewsDetail "> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-001 p_news">  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_header">   <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_TitleBoxA"> <h1 class="e_title e_head-000 p_head "> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"> <i class="iconfont"></i> 行業(yè)發(fā)展歷程回顧——生物柴油 </div> </h1> </div> </div>   <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_AssistInfo"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_about">     <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_TimeBox "> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_title e_AssistName-001 p_AssistNameD "> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i> <span id="p351dh1b5txt" class="i_TimeBox">發(fā)布時(shí)間：</span> </div> </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_title e_AssistInfo-001 p_time"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i> 2024/07/16 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_InteractionInfo">  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_ViewBox"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_title e_AssistName-001 p_AssistNameE"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i><span id="p351dh1b5txt" class="i_browsingVolume">瀏覽量</span></div> </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_title e_AssistInfo-001 p_view" infoDetailId="2474"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i></div> </div> </div>     </div> </div>  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_line e_ArticleHline-001 p_ArticleHline"></div>    <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_content ">   <article class="e_HtmlEditor e_HtmlEditor-001 p_articles"> </article> </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="js_infoDetail_content item_hide"><div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="reset_style js-reset_style js-adapMobile "> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">摘要：我國依靠市場(chǎng)機制發(fā)展出了一套相對完整的利用廢棄油脂生產(chǎn)生物柴油產(chǎn)業(yè)體系。近年來(lái)國家持續加強對“地溝油”收儲運體系建設和監管，使得越來(lái)越多的廢棄油脂流向生物柴油產(chǎn)業(yè)，帶動(dòng)我國生物柴油產(chǎn)量快速增長(cháng)。2022年我國生物柴油產(chǎn)量同比增長(cháng)32.4%至211.4萬(wàn)噸。我國僅在上海等部分地區將生物柴油納入加油站進(jìn)行車(chē)用、船用推廣，同時(shí)我國在化工領(lǐng)域生物柴油應用技術(shù)也尚不成熟，使得國內市場(chǎng)生物柴油需求不足。歐盟等地有立法要求一定的生物柴油共混比例，因此消耗量較大，我國生物柴油產(chǎn)品目前以出口歐盟為主，2023年國內生物柴油出口量為195.0萬(wàn)噸，同比增長(cháng)8.7%。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>一、定義及分類(lèi)</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油是指以動(dòng)植物油脂或廢棄油脂為原料，由甲醇（或乙醇）在催化劑作用下經(jīng)酯交換或酯化反應制成的脂肪酸甲酯（或脂肪酸乙酯）即生物柴油，可代替化石柴油的再生性燃料，是生物質(zhì)能的一種，具有十六烷值高、低硫、無(wú)芳烴等特點(diǎn)。由于原材料通常為各類(lèi)廢棄油脂，組分復雜多樣，因此生產(chǎn)的生物柴油為分子式碳鏈長(cháng)短不一、飽和與不飽和鍵含量不一的長(cháng)鏈脂肪酸甲酯混合物（C12-C20），常見(jiàn)成分包括油酸甲酯、棕櫚酸甲酯、硬脂肪酸甲酯等。生物柴油可直接作為燃料使用或與化石柴油以一定比例摻混用于燃料能源領(lǐng)域，也可以制備為生物基材料應用于下游多個(gè)行業(yè)。21世紀以來(lái)生物柴油技術(shù)不斷迭代。目前，主流生物柴油產(chǎn)品主要為第一代生物柴油（脂肪酸甲酯）和第二代生物柴油（加氫法生物柴油），第三代生物柴油是未來(lái)趨勢。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>二、商業(yè)模式</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">1、采購模式</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生產(chǎn)生物柴油主要原材料為廢棄油脂。生物柴油企業(yè)的采購部每月根據倉庫庫存和生產(chǎn)計劃，制訂采購計劃并按照相關(guān)采購管理規定選定具體供應商，確定價(jià)格、采購數量、交貨日期等內容，下達采購單；生產(chǎn)部對購入的需要檢驗的原材料進(jìn)行檢驗，檢驗合格后批準入庫。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油企業(yè)采購渠道開(kāi)拓方式主要如下：（1）采購部門(mén)通過(guò)拜訪(fǎng)各地的餐館酒店、食品加工廠(chǎng)，了解其廢油脂的去向，取得廢油脂經(jīng)營(yíng)者的聯(lián)系方式，通過(guò)對經(jīng)營(yíng)者的實(shí)地走訪(fǎng)及后續的商談，雙方建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系；（2）通過(guò)廢油脂經(jīng)營(yíng)者之間的相互介紹引見(jiàn)，采購部實(shí)地走訪(fǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)者及商談，雙方建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系；（3）隨著(zhù)企業(yè)知名度逐步提升，部分廢油脂經(jīng)營(yíng)者會(huì )主動(dòng)致電企業(yè)采購部門(mén)，企業(yè)采購部實(shí)地走訪(fǎng)并商談，雙方建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系；（4）通過(guò)東南亞等海外的油脂精煉企業(yè)，了解其廢油脂的去向，取得廢油脂經(jīng)營(yíng)者的聯(lián)系方式，通過(guò)實(shí)地走訪(fǎng)及商談，雙方建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>2</strong><strong>、生產(chǎn)模式</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生產(chǎn)部結合廢棄油脂供貨周期、生產(chǎn)設備綜合情況以及市場(chǎng)價(jià)格等因素統一制定生產(chǎn)計劃并分批生產(chǎn)。生物柴油企業(yè)通過(guò)建立嚴格的生產(chǎn)管理制度，保障生產(chǎn)交付的產(chǎn)品符合質(zhì)量管控要求。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>3</strong><strong>、銷(xiāo)售模式</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油目前的主要消費區域為歐美等發(fā)達國家，國內市場(chǎng)尚在培育階段。生物柴油企業(yè)采用直銷(xiāo)的銷(xiāo)售模式。按照客戶(hù)分類(lèi)，公司下游客戶(hù)以終端客戶(hù)為主，貿易商客戶(hù)為輔，均為買(mǎi)斷式銷(xiāo)售，其中終端客戶(hù)系購買(mǎi)生物柴油產(chǎn)品用于生產(chǎn)或消耗的客戶(hù)。按照銷(xiāo)售區域分類(lèi)，公司產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售分為內銷(xiāo)和外銷(xiāo)。對于境內銷(xiāo)售，主要按照客戶(hù)要求發(fā)貨至客戶(hù)指定交貨地點(diǎn)或由客戶(hù)自提，客戶(hù)進(jìn)行相應的檢驗與簽收。對于生物柴油的境外銷(xiāo)售，主要采用FOB、CIF的方式。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油企業(yè)以市場(chǎng)需求為依據，參考原油和柴油價(jià)格走勢，以及生物柴油（HVO）歐洲同期現貨和遠期交割價(jià)格，在原料和生產(chǎn)成本基礎上，增加適當利潤作為銷(xiāo)售基準價(jià)格，根據客戶(hù)的具體要求進(jìn)行商務(wù)談判后，最終確定成交價(jià)格。價(jià)格主要影響因素為原材料、歐洲市場(chǎng)碳排放交易價(jià)格、地方政府補貼政策、產(chǎn)品碳減排值（GHG值）、海運費波動(dòng)、季節性調整等。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>三、行業(yè)政策</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">1、主管部門(mén)和監管體制</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油行業(yè)的主管部門(mén)主要為國家發(fā)展改革委、國家能源局及工業(yè)和信息化部。國家發(fā)展改革委主要負責組織擬訂綜合性產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，推動(dòng)實(shí)施創(chuàng )新驅動(dòng)發(fā)展戰略，推進(jìn)實(shí)施可持續發(fā)展戰略。國家能源局主要負責擬訂并組織實(shí)施能源發(fā)展戰略、規劃和政策，組織制定能源行業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策及相關(guān)標準，負責能源行業(yè)節能和資源綜合利用。工業(yè)和信息化部主要負責擬訂并組織實(shí)施工業(yè)、通信業(yè)的能源節約和資源綜合利用、清潔生產(chǎn)促進(jìn)政策，指導行業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng )新和技術(shù)進(jìn)步，推動(dòng)新興產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油行業(yè)自律組織有全國生物柴油行業(yè)協(xié)作組。全國生物柴油行業(yè)協(xié)作組主要負責行業(yè)標準的制定以及跟蹤國內外生物柴油行業(yè)動(dòng)向、組織行業(yè)會(huì )議并為行業(yè)內企業(yè)提供專(zhuān)業(yè)信息服務(wù)。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">2、行業(yè)相關(guān)政策</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油屬于國家鼓勵發(fā)展的新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)、生物產(chǎn)業(yè)和廢棄資源綜合利用產(chǎn)業(yè)，生物柴油行業(yè)的發(fā)展對于降低國家對化石能源的依賴(lài)、改善環(huán)境及實(shí)現可持續發(fā)展戰略目標具有重大意義。以廢棄油脂生產(chǎn)資源化產(chǎn)品，既可為上游解決廢棄油脂安全回收利用的問(wèn)題，又可為下游提供環(huán)保安全的可再生資源，具有多重的環(huán)保效應和社會(huì )效應，是國家需要大力發(fā)展的行業(yè)。2023年11月國家能源局發(fā)布的《關(guān)于組織開(kāi)展生物柴油推廣應用試點(diǎn)示范的通知》明確支持在全省、全市、全縣（區）等行政區域或工業(yè)園區、物流園區、礦區、保稅區、自貿區等開(kāi)展車(chē)用生物柴油的推廣應用。鼓勵“以產(chǎn)定銷(xiāo)、封閉運行”，組織餐廚廢棄物處置企業(yè)、生物柴油生產(chǎn)企業(yè)、石油銷(xiāo)售企業(yè)“定向銷(xiāo)售、產(chǎn)需銜接”。鼓勵地方對生物柴油示范項目給予資金扶持、用地要素保障。相關(guān)政策的發(fā)布為生物柴油產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng )造了良好的經(jīng)營(yíng)條件。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>四、發(fā)展歷程</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">21世紀初我國開(kāi)始發(fā)展生物柴油技術(shù)。2002年首個(gè)20萬(wàn)噸/年生物柴油產(chǎn)業(yè)化項目被列為國家技術(shù)創(chuàng )新計劃；當年，海南正和生物柴油公司與冀星團隊合作，成功生產(chǎn)出一代生物柴油——脂肪酸甲酯，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量達到了美國和德國生物柴油標準以及我國輕柴油標準。2003年生物柴油產(chǎn)業(yè)納入國民經(jīng)濟“十五”計劃的滾動(dòng)創(chuàng )新計劃，國內生物柴油生產(chǎn)企業(yè)紛紛涌現。2006年國家標準《柴油機燃料調和用生物柴油(BD100)》正式發(fā)布實(shí)施。2011年生物柴油行業(yè)標準GB/T25199-2010《生物柴油調合燃料(B5)》正式頒布實(shí)施。2015年后，二代生物柴油技術(shù)逐漸興起，海南環(huán)宇、西安寶潤、內蒙古俏東方、北京三聚環(huán)保、揚州建元、成都恒潤等公司進(jìn)行了地溝油及生物質(zhì)加氫生產(chǎn)生物柴油的工藝開(kāi)發(fā)。經(jīng)過(guò)20多年的發(fā)展，我國初步構建了生物柴油的產(chǎn)業(yè)格局，在生產(chǎn)技術(shù)、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、技術(shù)指標等方面已經(jīng)可以比肩國際先進(jìn)水平。2023年《關(guān)于組織開(kāi)展生物柴油推廣應用試點(diǎn)示范的通知》發(fā)布，明確支持開(kāi)展多領(lǐng)域的生物柴油推廣應用。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>五、行業(yè)壁壘</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">1、原材料采購渠道壁壘</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">國內生物柴油行業(yè)的原材料主要為廢油脂。廢油脂采購能力是影響企業(yè)正常生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)的關(guān)鍵因素之一。目前，我國廢油脂回收體系尚不完善，行業(yè)內經(jīng)營(yíng)者眾多，經(jīng)營(yíng)規模小，市場(chǎng)集中度較低，同時(shí)廢油脂的質(zhì)量無(wú)統一標準，各地區市場(chǎng)情況不一致，規范程度較低。生物柴油廠(chǎng)商要以適當價(jià)格取得穩定的廢油脂供應需要與大量的供應商建立長(cháng)期的互信關(guān)系。因此，生物柴油行業(yè)的新進(jìn)入者經(jīng)常面臨不能以適當價(jià)格采購到所需的符合要求的廢油脂原材料的困境。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">由于廢油脂質(zhì)量差異較大，難以檢測，雖然買(mǎi)賣(mài)雙方通常會(huì )在采購中對廢油脂含水雜率、酸值等指標進(jìn)行約定，但由于缺乏標準化的檢測手段，容易產(chǎn)生糾紛，原材料的采購風(fēng)險較大，因此獲取持續穩定的廢油脂不但需要有熟悉廢油脂市場(chǎng)特點(diǎn)、經(jīng)驗豐富的采購人員，成熟、健全的采購網(wǎng)絡(luò )，持續優(yōu)化的供應商數據庫的支持，還需要有科學(xué)、完整、操作性強、供應商認可的質(zhì)量標準與檢測管理體系。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">另外，廢油脂供應商在采集、轉運、儲存、出售等環(huán)節都需要充足的資金支持。廢油脂供應商多以個(gè)體經(jīng)營(yíng)，其資金周轉速度和效率決定了一年盈利水平，多傾向于與貨款支付及時(shí)且穩定的客戶(hù)保持長(cháng)期合作。生物柴油生產(chǎn)企業(yè)需具有較強盈利能力、保持穩健的經(jīng)營(yíng)水平，維持充?，F金流，及時(shí)支付廢油脂采購貨款，在持續運營(yíng)中逐步樹(shù)立信譽(yù)，才能與供應商保持長(cháng)久合作關(guān)系。綜上，新進(jìn)入者在質(zhì)量檢測系統建設、采購體系建設等方面都會(huì )面臨很大的挑戰。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">2、生產(chǎn)壁壘</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">在新進(jìn)生物柴油生產(chǎn)企業(yè)尚未建立起有效的供應商管理體系前，原材料供給的連續性及采購成本將直接影響企業(yè)生產(chǎn)連續性和產(chǎn)品成本。若生產(chǎn)連續性無(wú)法保證，產(chǎn)品成本無(wú)法得到有效控制，將直接影響企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)穩定性，使得供需兩端的商業(yè)關(guān)系無(wú)法維系，企業(yè)進(jìn)一步陷入經(jīng)營(yíng)困境。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">3、技術(shù)壁壘</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油是油脂化工中生產(chǎn)工藝較為復雜的產(chǎn)品之一，存在較高的技術(shù)壁壘。酯化反應工藝雖然相對成熟，但利用廢油脂生產(chǎn)生物柴油工藝流程較為復雜，需要同時(shí)考慮脂肪酸與三甘油酯的酯化技術(shù)條件、防止逆反應、過(guò)程雜質(zhì)分離、催化劑壽命、設備腐蝕等因素，關(guān)鍵技術(shù)很多。例如，獨特合理的純化工藝能夠有效減少原料損耗和能源消耗，酯化技術(shù)制約著(zhù)從廢油脂到生物柴油的轉化率和轉化時(shí)間。新進(jìn)企業(yè)無(wú)行業(yè)技術(shù)積累，更難以掌握。因此，生物柴油生產(chǎn)的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)對準備進(jìn)入本行業(yè)的企業(yè)在技術(shù)積累和技術(shù)創(chuàng )新等方面提出了很高的要求。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">4、人才壁壘</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油行業(yè)在國內屬于新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，行業(yè)從業(yè)人員少，目前未形成社會(huì )、教育人才培養系統。企業(yè)要具備較強的綜合競爭力，必須通過(guò)自己培育大批專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)人才、管理人才和營(yíng)銷(xiāo)人才，以吸收消化國內外先進(jìn)技術(shù)并自主創(chuàng )新、提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和運營(yíng)效率、持續降低運營(yíng)成本。行業(yè)內專(zhuān)業(yè)人才的培養不是短期內能夠形成或者被復制的，這在生物柴油行業(yè)也是一個(gè)較大的進(jìn)入障礙。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>六、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">1、行業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈分析</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">生物柴油行業(yè)上游的市場(chǎng)參與者是生物柴油生產(chǎn)原材料的提供方，在我國主要為地溝油、酸化油等廢油脂收集行業(yè)，包括各類(lèi)原料油(如植物油、動(dòng)物油、廢棄油脂、微生物油脂等)、甲醇企業(yè)、生產(chǎn)設備提供商等；中游本行業(yè)是生物柴油的生產(chǎn)制造企業(yè)，負責生物柴油的研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)；下游為生物柴油的終端應用，包括工業(yè)燃料、交通燃料、環(huán)保增塑劑、表面活性劑等。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>七、行業(yè)現狀</strong></span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;">我國依靠市場(chǎng)機制發(fā)展出了一套相對完整的利用廢棄油脂生產(chǎn)生物柴油產(chǎn)業(yè)體系。近年來(lái)國家持續加強對“地溝油”收儲運體系建設和監管，使得越來(lái)越多的廢棄油脂流向生物柴油產(chǎn)業(yè)，帶動(dòng)我國生物柴油產(chǎn)量快速增長(cháng)。2022年，我國生物柴油產(chǎn)量同比增長(cháng)32.4%至211.4萬(wàn)噸。我國僅在上海等部分地區將生物柴油納入加油站進(jìn)行車(chē)用、船用推廣，同時(shí)我國在化工領(lǐng)域生物柴油應用技術(shù)也尚不成熟，使得國內市場(chǎng)生物柴油需求不足。歐盟等地有立法要求一定的生物柴油共混比例，因此消耗量較大，我國生物柴油產(chǎn)品目前以出口歐盟為主，2023年國內生物柴油出口量為195.0萬(wàn)噸，同比增長(cháng)8.7%。2023年國內生物柴油進(jìn)口量為25.1萬(wàn)噸。</span></p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;">來(lái)源：智研咨詢(xún)-產(chǎn)業(yè)研究</p> <p style="margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:0em;TEXT-INDENT:2em;LETTER-SPACING:0em;LINE-HEIGHT:1.8em;TEXT-ALIGN:justify;"> </p> </div> </div>   <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_assist">  </div>  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_line e_ArticleHline-001 p_ArticleHline"></div>  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_PrevAndNext "> <div 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p_dimage"> <img src="http://img203.yun300.cn/img/sq3.jpg?tenantId=149945&viewType=1&k=1714118814000" alt="金利海" title="金利海" width="100%" height="100%" /> </div> </a> </div> </div></div><div class="p351dh1b5txt" id="w_common_text-1563936484170" class="reset_style"><div><h1><span style="color:#FFFFFF"><span style="font-size:24px"><strong>標準化信息平臺</strong></span></span></h1> </div></div><div class="p351dh1b5txt" id="w_img-1563936484160" class="w_img-001" data-animation="once"><div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="w_img animated "> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_box"> <a class="e_link e_link-000 p_link001" target="_blank"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_image e_DImage-001 p_dimage"> <img src="http://img203.yun300.cn/img/5s.png?tenantId=149945&viewType=1&k=1714118814000" alt="金利海" title="金利海" width="100%" height="100%" /> </div> </a> </div> </div></div><div class="p351dh1b5txt" id="c_news_category-1563936484180" class="c_news_category-01001" data-animation="once"> <div 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p_ListNomIcon "> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i></div> </div>     <h3 class="e_title e_DecTitle-001 p_title"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"> <i class="iconfont"></i>新《標準化法》實(shí)施日期？ </div> </h3>  </div>   <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_AssistBox">         </div>  </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_switchBox ">  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_btn e_IconBtn-001 p_switchBtnOn " data-ename="展開(kāi)按鈕" title="點(diǎn)擊展開(kāi)詳情"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i><span id="p351dh1b5txt" class="i_switchBtnOn"></span></div> </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_btn e_IconBtn-001 p_switchBtnOff hide" data-ename="收起按鈕" title="點(diǎn)擊收起詳情"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i><span id="p351dh1b5txt" class="i_switchBtnOff"></span></div> </div>  </div> </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_BottomBox ">  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_AnswerBox js-answer">    <article class="e_Article e_HtmlEditor-001 p_summary" data-id="1"><div id="p351dh1b5txt" class='reset_style js-reset_style js-adapMobile '><p> <span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: 微軟雅黑; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">2018年1月1日實(shí)施。</span></p> </div> </article>  </div>    </div> </div>  </div>   <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_ListBox-001 p_ListConBox js-problem" data-dismoveable data-foreachitem >    <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_ListConBoxA"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_headBox"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_leftbox" data-ename="頭部左邊區域">  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_askeBox">  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_icon e_ListNomIcon-001 p_ListNomIcon "> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i></div> </div>     <h3 class="e_title e_DecTitle-001 p_title"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"> <i class="iconfont"></i>新《標準化法》共多少章多少條？ </div> </h3>  </div>   <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_AssistBox">         </div>  </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_switchBox ">  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_btn e_IconBtn-001 p_switchBtnOn hide" data-ename="展開(kāi)按鈕" title="點(diǎn)擊展開(kāi)詳情"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i><span id="p351dh1b5txt" class="i_switchBtnOn"></span></div> </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_btn e_IconBtn-001 p_switchBtnOff" data-ename="收起按鈕" title="點(diǎn)擊收起詳情"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="font"><i class="iconfont"></i><span id="p351dh1b5txt" class="i_switchBtnOff"></span></div> </div>  </div> </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_BottomBox hide">  <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_box-000 p_AnswerBox js-answer">    <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_HtmlEditor e_HtmlEditor-001 p_summary" data-id="2"><div id="p351dh1b5txt" class='reset_style js-reset_style js-adapMobile '><p> <span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: 微軟雅黑; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">共6章45條。</span></p> </div> </div>  </div>    </div> </div>  </div>   </div> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_OccupyBox-001 p_OccupyBox"> </div>  </div> <input type="hidden" class="requsetParam" value="&questionCateId=1"/> </div><div class="p351dh1b5txt" id="c_message_form-15655962530349449" class="c_message_form-01001"> <div> <form action="/comp/message/add" method="post" class="msgForm"> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="e_box e_articles-001 p_MessageForm"> <input type="hidden" id="categoryId" name="categoryId" value="1"/> <input type="hidden" class="categoryName" value="客戶(hù)留言"/> <input type="hidden" class="formId" value="11"/> <input type="hidden" name="compId" value="message_form-15655962530349449"/> <input type="hidden" name="referer" value=""/> <input type="hidden" class="vUrlParam" value="categoryId=1" /> <input type="hidden" class="categoryStopDesc" value=""/> <input type="hidden" class="categoryUseFlag" value="1" /> <input type="hidden" class="categoryCheckFlag" value="1" /> <div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="categoryDesctiption" style="display:none"></div> </div> </form> </div> </div><div class="p351dh1b5txt" id="w_rbox-1565599705402" class="w_rbox-001"><div id="p351dh1b5txt" class="w_rbox"> <div class="p351dh1b5txt" id="content_box-1565599705402" class="e_rbox e_Rbox-000 p_rbox"></div> </div></div></div> <a href="http://www.admissioncares.com/">欧美高清A在线播放_国产SM高清不卡_午夜精品少妇免费视频_久久精品人人做人人爽爽</a> <div style="position:fixed;left:-9000px;top:-9000px;"></div> <script> (function(){ var bp = document.createElement('script'); var curProtocol = window.location.protocol.split(':')[0]; if (curProtocol === 'https') { bp.src = 'https://zz.bdstatic.com/linksubmit/push.js'; } else { bp.src = 'http://push.zhanzhang.baidu.com/push.js'; } var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(bp, s); })(); </script> </body><div id="c0wdl" 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